Role of growth hormone signaling pathways in the development of atherosclerosis
by Hailey
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Objective: Direct action of growth hormone (GH) in the development of atherosclerosis is not clear. The purpose of this study was to characterize GH-induced changes in the expression of a signaling pathway elements and other proteins that may be associated with atherosclerosis.
Methods: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and THP-1, a human acute monocytic leukemia cell line, stimulated by exposure to 10-9 M or 10-8 M human GH with or without pretreatment with mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK ) 1 inhibitor. The level of transcripts encoding vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM) -1, E-selectin, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP-1), interleukin (IL) -6 and IL-8 were investigated by reverse transcription (RT) PCR. For quantitative adhesion assay, THP-1 cells or human primary monocytes fluorescently labeled with 3′-O-acetyl-2 ‘, 7’-bis (carboxyethyl) -4 diacetoxymethyl ester (BCECF / AM). HUVEC treated with human GH co-incubated with THP-1 cells BCECF-labeled. An hour later, the number of BCECF-labeled THP-1 cells was assessed. A similar experiment conducted using BCECF-labeled primary monocytes and monocyte follow HUVEC amount is calculated.
Results: Treatment with hGH increase levels of E-selectin- and VCAM-1-encoding mRNA in HUVEC. This effect was attenuated by pretreatment with inhibitors of MEK1. Furthermore, hGH treatment improved adhesion of BCECF-labeled THP-1 cells or primary monocytes to HUVEC, and this effect was attenuated by pretreatment with inhibitors of MEK1.
Conclusion: VCAM-1 and E-selectin expression is stimulated by GH through the mitogen-activated protein kinase, so that the adhesion plus of THP-1 cells and monocytes to HUVEC. These data indicate that GH directly stimulates the development of atherosclerosis.
Role of growth hormone signaling pathways in the development of atherosclerosis
BNIP3 abolition of fixed enterovirus 71 infection caused by the hand, foot and mouth disease by inhibiting apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation in mice
Bcl-2 / adenovirus E1B protein -interacting protein 3 (BNIP 3 ) plays a key role in the cellular response to stress by selectively regulate apoptosis and autophagy. This study aims to determine the effect of BNIP 3 on enterovirus (EV) 71 infection caused by the hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), and apoptosis was, autophagy and inflammation in rats and SH-SY5Y cell lines neuroblastoma human.
Neonatal BALB / c mice were injected with EV 71 HFMD strain to induce. Western blotting and ELISA was used to measure protein of expression and cytokine levels. The BNIP 3 mRNA and protein levels in the brain increases the EV-infected mice 71. Instead, BNIP 3 -knockout (KO) mice with EV 71 infection has a high score of health and survival.
BNIP 3 deletion behind the increase in cleaved-caspase 3 , cleaved-caspase 8, Bax, LC 3 II and LC 3 II / LC 3 I levels, and decreased Bcl-2 and Bcl-2 / Bax and LC 3 I levels in the brains of mice with EV 71 infection. Improved EV 71 infection caused by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α, monocytes chemotactic protein (MCP) -1, interleukin (IL) – 1β, IL-6, interferon (IFN) -α and IFN-γ levels were hampered in BNIP 3 -KO mice.
Rat Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1/Monocyte Chemotactic and Activating Factor ELISA Kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Rat Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Rat Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Rat Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Porcine Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Pig Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Porcine Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Pig Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Porcine Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Rat Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA Kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Mouse Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Mouse Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Mouse Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Mouse Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Mouse Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Mouse Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Human Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Human Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Human Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Goat Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Goat Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Goat Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Goat Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Goat Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Goat Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Monkey Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Monkey Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Monkey Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Monkey Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Monkey Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Monkey Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rabbit Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Rabbit Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rabbit Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Rabbit Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rabbit Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Rabbit Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Guinea pig Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Guinea pig Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Guinea pig Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Guinea Pig Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Guinea pig Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Guinea Pig Monocyte chemotactic protein 1/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor ELISA kit
BNIP 3 knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibited EV 71 infection caused by the increase in apoptosis, autophagy and inflammatory factors in SH-SY5Y cells. BNIP 3 the excess further facilitates EV 71 infection caused an increase of inflammatory factors in SH-SY5Y cells.
