Nimbolide prevents myocardial damage by regulating cardiac biomarkers, antioxidant level, and apoptosis signaling against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats
by Hailey
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Work is currently planned to assess the nature of nimbolide protect against doxorubicin (DOX) -treated myocardial damage. myocardial damage produced by 2.5 mg / kg DOX was given on alternate days (14 days). Thiobarbituric reactive substances of acid (TBARS) levels of lipid markers of peroxidative lifted, while reducing weight, the weight of the heart, the index of blood pressure and reduce blood levels of antioxidants such as glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione and glutathione reductase observed in heart tissue of DOX-treated animals.
DOX-treated animals showed levels plus cardiac markers like monocytes chemotactic protein -1, interferon-gamma, aspartate transferase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase-muscle / brain, heart-type fatty acid binding protein , glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme BB, transforming growth factor-β, brain natriuretic peptide, myoglobin, and cTnI in serum. Histopathological assessment confirms DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
rat Furthermore, DOX-induced showed augmented inflammatory mediators (factor-kB nuclear [NF-kB], tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], and interleukin-1β [IL-1β]) and increased PI 3 < / em> K / Akt signaling protein (PI 3 K, p-Bad / Bad, caspase- 3 , and p-Akt), while decreasing oxidative markers (HO-1 and NQO-1) and p-PTEN was observed. Nimbolide mice supplements showed decreased activity / cardiac marker levels and TBARS levels in serum and liver tissue.
Enzymatic antioxidant levels and nonenzimatik plus the supplement nimbolide rat heart tissue. Nimbolide effect of a decrease in apoptosis, inflammation, and enhance antioxidant markers through modulation of p-Bad / Bad, caspase- 3 , PI 3 K, p-Akt, TNF-α, NF -kB, IL-1β, HO-1, NQO-1 and p-PTEN markers. Explanation histopathology was observed in line with biochemical analysis. Therefore, the findings of the current work is that nimbolide has defensive effect on the myocardium of the heart tissue damage DOX-induced.
Nimbolide prevents myocardial damage by regulating cardiac biomarkers, antioxidant level, and apoptosis signaling against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats
Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 plays a role in ovarian dysfunction associated with high-fat diet-induced obesity
Obesity, known to cause systemic elevation in monocytes chemotactic protein -1 (MCP-1), adversely affecting normal ovarian function. The purpose of this study was to determine whether MCP-1 plays a role in ovarian dysfunction associated with obesity caused by a high fat (HF) diet intake. The wild-type (WT) C57BL / 6J mice were fed either a normal chow (NC) (Group 1, control group) or HF diet (Group 2). To assess whether MCP-1 is involved in ovarian dysfunction HF-diet-induced, MCP-1 knockout mice fed the HF diet (Group 3 ).
weight, body fat composition, the number of oocytes collected following ovarian superovulation with gonadotropins, ovarian macrophage markers and expression of genes important in folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis measured in the 3 group of animals. Animals in Group 2 gained significant weight and body mass, resulting in the fewest number of oocytes following superovulation, and has a significant change in the genes involved in ovarian folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis as well as genes involved in inflammation.
While the animals in Group 3 weight and body fat composition is highest, they produce the same number of oocytes compared to animals in Group 1, but has a different ovarian gene expression compared to Group 2. These findings indicate that MCP -1 gene knockout can reverse some of the adverse effects of obesity caused by the intake of the HF diet.
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Description: Recombinant MCP-2 is a disulfide-linked monomeric protein consisting of 77 amino acid residues and migrates as an approximately 9 kDa protein under non-reducing conditions and reducing conditions in SDS-PAGE. Optimized DNA sequence encoding human MCP-2 (CCL8) mature chain was expressed in E. coli.
Description: Recombinant MCP-2 is a disulfide-linked monomeric protein consisting of 77 amino acid residues and migrates as an approximately 9 kDa protein under non-reducing conditions and reducing conditions in SDS-PAGE. Optimized DNA sequence encoding human MCP-2 (CCL8) mature chain was expressed in E. coli.
Description: Recombinant MCP-4 is a disulfide-linked monomeric protein consisting of 76 amino acid residues and migrates as an approximately 9 kDa protein under non-reducing conditions and reducing conditions in SDS-PAGE. Optimized DNA sequence encoding human MCP-4 (CCL13) mature chain was expressed in E. coli.
Description: Recombinant MCP-4 is a disulfide-linked monomeric protein consisting of 76 amino acid residues and migrates as an approximately 9 kDa protein under non-reducing conditions and reducing conditions in SDS-PAGE. Optimized DNA sequence encoding human MCP-4 (CCL13) mature chain was expressed in E. coli.
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for quantification of Rat MCP-1 in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for quantification of Human MCP-1 in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for quantification of Rat CCL7/MCP-3 in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for quantification of Human MCP-1 in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for quantification of Mouse MCP-1 in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Description: CCL8, also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein 2 (MCP2), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCL8 gene. It is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. The CCL8 protein is produced as a precursor containing 109 amino acids, which is cleaved to produce mature CCL8 containing 75 amino acids. The gene for CCL8 is encoded by 3 exons and is located within a large cluster of CC chemokines on chromosome 17q11.2 in humans. MCP-2 is chemotactic for and activates many different immune cells, including mast cells, eosinophils and basophils, (that are implicated in allergic responses), and monocytes, T cells, and NK cells that are involved in the inflammatory response. CCL8 elicits its effects by binding to several different cell surface receptors called chemokine receptors. These receptors include CCR1, CCR2B, CCR3 and CCR5.
Description: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), a member of the chemokine (chemotactic cytokine) family, is a potent monocyte agonist that is upregulated by oxidized lipids. MCP-1 is also known as CCL2, SCYA2, MCAF. MCAF is a member of family of factors involved in immune and inflammatory responses. The amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence reveals the primary structure of the MCAF precursor to be composed of a putative signal peptide sequence of 23 amino acid residues and a mature MCAF sequence of 76 amino acid residues. MCP-1 plays a unique and crucial role in the initiation of atherosclerosis and may provide a new therapeutic target in this disorder. Human MCP-1 is a 8.7KDa non-glycoprotein, consisting of 99 amino acids in precursor form and 76 amino acids in mature form.
Description: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), a member of the chemokine (chemotactic cytokine) family, is a potent monocyte agonist that is upregulated by oxidized lipids. MCP-1 is also known as CCL2, SCYA2, and MCAF. It is a member of family of factors involved in immune and inflammatory responses. The amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence reveals the primary structure of the precursor to be composed of a putative signal peptide sequence of 23 amino acid residues and a mature MCAF sequence of 76 amino acid residues. MCP-1 plays a unique and crucial role in the initiation of atherosclerosis and may provide a new therapeutic target in this disorder.
Description: Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 7 (CCL7) is a small cytokine known as a chemokine that was previously called monocyte-specific chemokine 3 (MCP3). It belongs to the C-C chemokine family. By fluorescence in situ hybridization, the gene is mapped to chromosome 17q11.2-q12. MCP3 was identified as a physiologic substrate of gelatinase A. Cleaved MCP3/CCL7 binds to CC-chemokine receptors-1, -2, and -3, but no longer induces calcium fluxes or promotes chemotaxis, and instead acts as a general chemokine antagonist that dampens inflammation, it has been found that matrix metalloproteinases are both effectors and regulators of the inflammatory response.
Future studies assessing ovarian histology in MCP-1 immobilize a mouse model will confirm our findings. MCP-1 inhibition may represent a future therapeutic target to protect the health of the ovaries from the adverse effects of HF diet consumption.
